introduction sociology Multiple choices
introduction sociology Multiple choices
1. Which of the following statements about bureaucracy is false?
Answer
| a. | Secretaries and other assistants often have more power than their job description or salary indicates. | |
| b. | The informal culture of bureaucracy works to make all employees feel more connected and included. | |
| c. | Subcultures develop even in the largest bureaucracies. | |
| d. | Informal norms within a bureaucracy may increase or decrease worker productivity. |
1 points
Question 2
1.
Teenagers, truck drivers, and the elderly are all examples of _____.
Answer
| a. | secondary groups | |
| b. | social categories | |
| c. | primary groups | |
| d. | none of these choices |
1 points
Question 3
1.
Attribution error refers to a situation in which one
Answer
| a. | fails to see that group membership is the cause of a person’s behavior. | |
| b. | completely misunderstands the action in a particular situation. | |
| c. | falsely attributes a person’s behavior to membership in a particular group. | |
| d. | blames something on one person that is really the fault of another person. |
1 points
Question 4
1.
Which of these is not an example of a utilitarian organization?
Answer
| a. | the University of Michigan | |
| b. | Microsoft | |
| c. | NAACP | |
| d. | General Motors |
1 points
Question 5
1.
Which of the following illustrates a common type of attribution error?
Answer
| a. | a girl who does well in science is perceived as being unusually smart | |
| b. | a white person observes a white student taking a wallet out of someone’s purse and assumes the student was asked to do so by the owner | |
| c. | a Hispanic student is carrying a baseball bat and it is assumed he intends to vandalize something | |
| d. | All of these are illustrations of attribution error. |
1 points
Question 6
1.
The informal structure of a bureaucracy
Answer
| a. | increases the feelings of solidarity among all workers. | |
| b. | develops among those at the top of the organizational structure. | |
| c. | uses alternate channels to get some things done faster. | |
| d. | follows the same rules and regulations as the formal structure. |
1 points
Question 7
1.
Which perspective is most likely to focus on the fact that individuals experience stress and alienation as a result of being subordinated within a formal organization?
Answer
| a. | feminist theory | |
| b. | conflict theory | |
| c. | functionalist theory | |
| d. | symbolic interaction theory |
1 points
Question 8
1.
The psychological separation of a person from an organization and its goals is called _____.
Answer
| a. | alienation | |
| b. | risky shift | |
| c. | ritualism | |
| d. | organizational deviance |
1 points
Question 9
1.
Applied to a situation like the torture of Iraqi prisoners in American prison Abu Ghraib, Milgram’s and Asch’s findings would indicate that
Answer
| a. | soldiers are more sadistic than the average college student or American citizen. | |
| b. | American soldiers would only commit torture if following a direct order with fear of punishment for not carrying it out. | |
| c. | there was a serious breakdown in respect for authority that caused soldiers to violate the international standards for treatment of prisoners. | |
| d. | the cause of the American soldiers’ inhumane treatment of prisoners is partly the structure of the situation and group pressure. |
1 points
Question 10
1.
According to Weber bureaucracies have positive functions that contribute to their overall unity. Weber termed these _____.
Answer
| a. | manifest functions | |
| b. | eufunctions | |
| c. | positive functions | |
| d. | non-dysfunctions |
1. According to sociologists studying crime,
Answer
| a. | both organized crime and corporate crime have an institutionalized character. | |
| b. | organized crime is a term that is applied only to the Mafia in the U.S. |
